2 Service Accounts
0 Workloads
54 Bindings
3 Critical
15 High
7 Medium
29 Low
Description
Helm chart for deploying Istio cluster resources and CRDs
Overview
| Identity | Namespace | Automount | Secrets | Permissions | Workloads | Risk |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
istio-reader-service-account | istio-system | ❌ | — | 20 | 0 | Critical |
istiod-service-account | istio-system | ❌ | — | 34 | 0 | Critical |
Numbers in the last two columns indicate how many bindings or workloads involve each ServiceAccount.
Identities
🤖 istiod-service-account
Namespace: istio-system | Automount: ❌
🔑 Permissions (34)
| Role | Resource | Verbs | Risk | Tags |
|---|---|---|---|---|
ClusterRole istiod-istio-system | core/secrets | get · list · watch | Critical | ClusterWideSecretAccess CredentialAccess DataExposure InformationDisclosure SecretAccess |
Role istiod-istio-system | core/secrets | create · delete · get · list · update · watch | Critical | CredentialAccess DataExposure InformationDisclosure SecretAccess |
ClusterRole istiod-istio-system | authentication.istio.io/* | get · list · watch | High | ClusterWideAccess |
ClusterRole istiod-istio-system | config.istio.io/* | get · list · watch | High | ClusterWideAccess |
ClusterRole istiod-istio-system | gateway.networking.k8s.io/* | get · list · update · watch | High | ClusterWideAccess |
ClusterRole istiod-istio-system | networking.istio.io/* | get · list · watch | High | ClusterWideAccess |
ClusterRole istiod-istio-system | networking.x-k8s.io/* | get · list · update · watch | High | ClusterWideAccess |
ClusterRole istiod-istio-system | rbac.istio.io/* | get · list · watch | High | ClusterWideAccess |
ClusterRole istiod-istio-system | security.istio.io/* | get · list · watch | High | ClusterWideAccess |
ClusterRole istiod-istio-system | telemetry.istio.io/* | get · list · watch | High | ClusterWideAccess |
ClusterRole istiod-istio-system | core/configmaps | create · get · list · update · watch | High | ConfigMapAccess DataExposure InformationDisclosure |
ClusterRole istiod-istio-system | networking.k8s.io/ingresses/status | * | High | ClusterWideAccess |
ClusterRole istiod-istio-system | certificates.k8s.io/certificatesigningrequests | create · delete · get · update · watch | Medium | CSRCreation PotentialPrivilegeEscalation Spoofing |
ClusterRole istiod-istio-system | admissionregistration.k8s.io/mutatingwebhookconfigurations | get · list · patch · update · watch | Medium | InformationDisclosure Reconnaissance WebhookReconnaissance |
ClusterRole istiod-istio-system | authorization.k8s.io/subjectaccessreviews | create | Medium | InformationDisclosure RBACQuery |
ClusterRole istiod-istio-system | authentication.k8s.io/tokenreviews | create | Medium | CredentialAccess InformationDisclosure RBACQuery |
ClusterRole istiod-istio-system | admissionregistration.k8s.io/validatingwebhookconfigurations | get · list · update · watch | Medium | InformationDisclosure Reconnaissance WebhookReconnaissance |
ClusterRole istiod-istio-system | certificates.k8s.io/certificatesigningrequests/approval | create · delete · get · update · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole istiod-istio-system | certificates.k8s.io/certificatesigningrequests/status | create · delete · get · update · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole istiod-istio-system | apiextensions.k8s.io/customresourcedefinitions | get · list · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole istiod-istio-system | core/endpoints | get · list · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole istiod-istio-system | discovery.k8s.io/endpointslices | get · list · watch | Low | |
Role istiod-istio-system | networking.istio.io/gateways | create | Low | |
ClusterRole istiod-istio-system | networking.k8s.io/ingressclasses | get · list · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole istiod-istio-system | networking.k8s.io/ingresses | get · list · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole istiod-istio-system | core/namespaces | get · list · watch | Low | ClusterStructure InformationDisclosure Reconnaissance |
ClusterRole istiod-istio-system | core/nodes | get · list · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole istiod-istio-system | core/pods | get · list · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole istiod-istio-system | multicluster.x-k8s.io/serviceexports | create · delete · get · list · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole istiod-istio-system | multicluster.x-k8s.io/serviceimports | get · list · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole istiod-istio-system | core/services | get · list · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole istiod-istio-system | networking.istio.io/workloadentries | create · delete · get · list · patch · update · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole istiod-istio-system | networking.istio.io/workloadentries/status | create · delete · get · list · patch · update · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole istiod-istio-system | certificates.k8s.io/signers (restricted to: kubernetes.io/legacy-unknown) | approve | Low | ResourceNameRestricted |
⚠️ Potential Abuse (12)
The following security risks were found based on the above permissions:
- Read secrets cluster-wide
- Read secrets in a namespace
- Read ConfigMaps cluster-wide
- Read ConfigMaps in a namespace
- Create TokenReviews (validate arbitrary tokens)
- Create SubjectAccessReviews (check arbitrary permissions)
- Create CertificateSigningRequests
- List Namespaces (Cluster Reconnaissance)
- List ValidatingWebhookConfigurations (Reconnaissance)
- List MutatingWebhookConfigurations (Reconnaissance)
📦 Workloads (0)
No workloads use this ServiceAccount.
🤖 istio-reader-service-account
Namespace: istio-system | Automount: ❌
🔑 Permissions (20)
| Role | Resource | Verbs | Risk | Tags |
|---|---|---|---|---|
ClusterRole istio-reader-istio-system | core/secrets | get · list · watch | Critical | ClusterWideSecretAccess CredentialAccess DataExposure InformationDisclosure SecretAccess |
ClusterRole istio-reader-istio-system | authentication.istio.io/* | get · list · watch | High | ClusterWideAccess |
ClusterRole istio-reader-istio-system | config.istio.io/* | get · list · watch | High | ClusterWideAccess |
ClusterRole istio-reader-istio-system | networking.istio.io/* | get · list · watch | High | ClusterWideAccess |
ClusterRole istio-reader-istio-system | rbac.istio.io/* | get · list · watch | High | ClusterWideAccess |
ClusterRole istio-reader-istio-system | security.istio.io/* | get · list · watch | High | ClusterWideAccess |
ClusterRole istio-reader-istio-system | authorization.k8s.io/subjectaccessreviews | create | Medium | InformationDisclosure RBACQuery |
ClusterRole istio-reader-istio-system | authentication.k8s.io/tokenreviews | create | Medium | CredentialAccess InformationDisclosure RBACQuery |
ClusterRole istio-reader-istio-system | apiextensions.k8s.io/customresourcedefinitions | get · list · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole istio-reader-istio-system | core/endpoints | get · list · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole istio-reader-istio-system | discovery.k8s.io/endpointslices | get · list · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole istio-reader-istio-system | core/namespaces | get · list · watch | Low | ClusterStructure InformationDisclosure Reconnaissance |
ClusterRole istio-reader-istio-system | core/nodes | get · list · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole istio-reader-istio-system | core/pods | get · list · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole istio-reader-istio-system | apps/replicasets | get · list · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole istio-reader-istio-system | core/replicationcontrollers | get · list · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole istio-reader-istio-system | multicluster.x-k8s.io/serviceexports | get · list · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole istio-reader-istio-system | multicluster.x-k8s.io/serviceimports | get · list · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole istio-reader-istio-system | core/services | get · list · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole istio-reader-istio-system | networking.istio.io/workloadentries | get · list · watch | Low |
⚠️ Potential Abuse (7)
The following security risks were found based on the above permissions:
- Read secrets cluster-wide
- Read secrets in a namespace
- Create TokenReviews (validate arbitrary tokens)
- Create SubjectAccessReviews (check arbitrary permissions)
- List Namespaces (Cluster Reconnaissance)
📦 Workloads (0)
No workloads use this ServiceAccount.