9 Service Accounts
7 Workloads
70 Bindings
4 Critical
19 High
2 Medium
45 Low
Description
kube-prometheus-stack collects Kubernetes manifests, Grafana dashboards, and Prometheus rules combined with documentation and scripts to provide easy to operate end-to-end Kubernetes cluster monitoring with Prometheus using the Prometheus Operator.
- https://github.com/prometheus-community/helm-charts
- https://github.com/prometheus-operator/kube-prometheus
Overview
| Identity | Namespace | Automount | Secrets | Permissions | Workloads | Risk |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
kube-prometheus-stack-grafana | default | ✅ | — | 2 | 3 | Critical |
kube-prometheus-stack-operator | default | ✅ | — | 30 | 1 | Critical |
kube-prometheus-stack-kube-state-metrics | default | ✅ | — | 28 | 1 | Medium |
kube-prometheus-stack-admission | default | ✅ | — | 3 | 2 | Low |
kube-prometheus-stack-prometheus | default | ✅ | — | 7 | 0 | Low |
kube-prometheus-stack-alertmanager | default | ✅ | — | 0 | 0 | — |
kube-prometheus-stack-grafana-test | default | ❌ | — | 0 | 1 | — |
kube-prometheus-stack-prometheus-node-exporter | default | ❌ | — | 0 | 1 | — |
kube-prometheus-stack-prometheus-windows-exporter | default | ❌ | — | 0 | 1 | — |
Numbers in the last two columns indicate how many bindings or workloads involve each ServiceAccount.
Identities
🤖 kube-prometheus-stack-operator
Namespace: default | Automount: ✅
🔑 Permissions (30)
| Role | Resource | Verbs | Risk | Tags |
|---|---|---|---|---|
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-operator | core/configmaps | * | Critical | ClusterWideAccess ConfigMapAccess DataExposure InformationDisclosure PotentialPrivilegeEscalation (+2 more) |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-operator | core/secrets | * | Critical | ClusterWideAccess ClusterWideSecretAccess CredentialAccess DataExposure InformationDisclosure (+6 more) |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-operator | apps/statefulsets | * | Critical | ClusterWideAccess Persistence PotentialPrivilegeEscalation PrivilegeEscalation Tampering (+2 more) |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-operator | monitoring.coreos.com/alertmanagerconfigs | * | High | ClusterWideAccess |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-operator | monitoring.coreos.com/alertmanagers | * | High | ClusterWideAccess |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-operator | monitoring.coreos.com/alertmanagers/finalizers | * | High | ClusterWideAccess |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-operator | monitoring.coreos.com/alertmanagers/status | * | High | ClusterWideAccess |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-operator | monitoring.coreos.com/podmonitors | * | High | ClusterWideAccess |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-operator | monitoring.coreos.com/probes | * | High | ClusterWideAccess |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-operator | monitoring.coreos.com/prometheusagents | * | High | ClusterWideAccess |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-operator | monitoring.coreos.com/prometheusagents/finalizers | * | High | ClusterWideAccess |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-operator | monitoring.coreos.com/prometheusagents/status | * | High | ClusterWideAccess |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-operator | monitoring.coreos.com/prometheuses | * | High | ClusterWideAccess |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-operator | monitoring.coreos.com/prometheuses/finalizers | * | High | ClusterWideAccess |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-operator | monitoring.coreos.com/prometheuses/status | * | High | ClusterWideAccess |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-operator | monitoring.coreos.com/prometheusrules | * | High | ClusterWideAccess |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-operator | monitoring.coreos.com/scrapeconfigs | * | High | ClusterWideAccess |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-operator | monitoring.coreos.com/servicemonitors | * | High | ClusterWideAccess |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-operator | monitoring.coreos.com/thanosrulers | * | High | ClusterWideAccess |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-operator | monitoring.coreos.com/thanosrulers/finalizers | * | High | ClusterWideAccess |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-operator | monitoring.coreos.com/thanosrulers/status | * | High | ClusterWideAccess |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-operator | core/endpoints | create · delete · get · update | Low | |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-operator | core/events | create · patch | Low | |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-operator | networking.k8s.io/ingresses | get · list · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-operator | core/namespaces | get · list · watch | Low | ClusterStructure InformationDisclosure Reconnaissance |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-operator | core/nodes | list · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-operator | core/pods | delete · list | Low | |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-operator | core/services | create · delete · get · update | Low | |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-operator | core/services/finalizers | create · delete · get · update | Low | |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-operator | storage.k8s.io/storageclasses | get | Low |
⚠️ Potential Abuse (13)
The following security risks were found based on the above permissions:
- Read secrets cluster-wide
- Read secrets in a namespace
- Modify secrets cluster-wide
- Modify secrets in a namespace
- Read ConfigMaps cluster-wide
- Read ConfigMaps in a namespace
- Modify ConfigMaps cluster-wide
- Modify ConfigMaps in a namespace
- Manage StatefulSets cluster-wide
- Manage StatefulSets in a namespace
- List Namespaces (Cluster Reconnaissance)
📦 Workloads (1)
| Kind | Name | Container | Image |
|---|---|---|---|
| Deployment | kube-prometheus-stack-operator | kube-prometheus-stack | quay.io/prometheus-operator/prometheus-operator:v0.83.0 |
🤖 kube-prometheus-stack-grafana
Namespace: default | Automount: ✅
🔑 Permissions (2)
| Role | Resource | Verbs | Risk | Tags |
|---|---|---|---|---|
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-grafana-clusterrole | core/secrets | get · list · watch | Critical | ClusterWideSecretAccess CredentialAccess DataExposure InformationDisclosure SecretAccess |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-grafana-clusterrole | core/configmaps | get · list · watch | High | ConfigMapAccess DataExposure InformationDisclosure |
⚠️ Potential Abuse (5)
The following security risks were found based on the above permissions:
- Read secrets cluster-wide
- Read secrets in a namespace
- Read ConfigMaps cluster-wide
- Read ConfigMaps in a namespace
📦 Workloads (3)
| Kind | Name | Container | Image |
|---|---|---|---|
| Deployment | kube-prometheus-stack-grafana | grafana | docker.io/grafana/grafana:12.0.1 |
| Deployment | kube-prometheus-stack-grafana | grafana-sc-dashboard | quay.io/kiwigrid/k8s-sidecar:1.30.0 |
| Deployment | kube-prometheus-stack-grafana | grafana-sc-datasources | quay.io/kiwigrid/k8s-sidecar:1.30.0 |
🤖 kube-prometheus-stack-kube-state-metrics
Namespace: default | Automount: ✅
🔑 Permissions (28)
| Role | Resource | Verbs | Risk | Tags |
|---|---|---|---|---|
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-kube-state-metrics | admissionregistration.k8s.io/mutatingwebhookconfigurations | list · watch | Medium | InformationDisclosure Reconnaissance WebhookReconnaissance |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-kube-state-metrics | admissionregistration.k8s.io/validatingwebhookconfigurations | list · watch | Medium | InformationDisclosure Reconnaissance WebhookReconnaissance |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-kube-state-metrics | certificates.k8s.io/certificatesigningrequests | list · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-kube-state-metrics | core/configmaps | list · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-kube-state-metrics | batch/cronjobs | list · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-kube-state-metrics | apps/daemonsets | list · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-kube-state-metrics | apps/deployments | list · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-kube-state-metrics | core/endpoints | list · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-kube-state-metrics | autoscaling/horizontalpodautoscalers | list · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-kube-state-metrics | networking.k8s.io/ingresses | list · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-kube-state-metrics | batch/jobs | list · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-kube-state-metrics | coordination.k8s.io/leases | list · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-kube-state-metrics | core/limitranges | list · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-kube-state-metrics | core/namespaces | list · watch | Low | ClusterStructure InformationDisclosure Reconnaissance |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-kube-state-metrics | networking.k8s.io/networkpolicies | list · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-kube-state-metrics | core/nodes | list · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-kube-state-metrics | core/persistentvolumeclaims | list · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-kube-state-metrics | core/persistentvolumes | list · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-kube-state-metrics | policy/poddisruptionbudgets | list · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-kube-state-metrics | core/pods | list · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-kube-state-metrics | apps/replicasets | list · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-kube-state-metrics | core/replicationcontrollers | list · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-kube-state-metrics | core/resourcequotas | list · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-kube-state-metrics | core/secrets | list · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-kube-state-metrics | core/services | list · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-kube-state-metrics | apps/statefulsets | list · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-kube-state-metrics | storage.k8s.io/storageclasses | list · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-kube-state-metrics | storage.k8s.io/volumeattachments | list · watch | Low |
⚠️ Potential Abuse (4)
The following security risks were found based on the above permissions:
- List Namespaces (Cluster Reconnaissance)
- List ValidatingWebhookConfigurations (Reconnaissance)
- List MutatingWebhookConfigurations (Reconnaissance)
📦 Workloads (1)
| Kind | Name | Container | Image |
|---|---|---|---|
| Deployment | kube-prometheus-stack-kube-state-metrics | kube-state-metrics | registry.k8s.io/kube-state-metrics/kube-state-metrics:v2.15.0 |
🤖 kube-prometheus-stack-prometheus
Namespace: default | Automount: ✅
🔑 Permissions (7)
| Role | Resource | Verbs | Risk | Tags |
|---|---|---|---|---|
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-prometheus | core/endpoints | get · list · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-prometheus | discovery.k8s.io/endpointslices | get · list · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-prometheus | networking.k8s.io/ingresses | get · list · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-prometheus | core/nodes | get · list · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-prometheus | core/nodes/metrics | get · list · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-prometheus | core/pods | get · list · watch | Low | |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-prometheus | core/services | get · list · watch | Low |
⚠️ Potential Abuse (1)
The following security risks were found based on the above permissions:
📦 Workloads (0)
No workloads use this ServiceAccount.
🤖 kube-prometheus-stack-admission
Namespace: default | Automount: ✅
🔑 Permissions (3)
| Role | Resource | Verbs | Risk | Tags |
|---|---|---|---|---|
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-admission | admissionregistration.k8s.io/mutatingwebhookconfigurations | get · update | Low | |
Role kube-prometheus-stack-admission | core/secrets | create · get | Low | |
ClusterRole kube-prometheus-stack-admission | admissionregistration.k8s.io/validatingwebhookconfigurations | get · update | Low |
⚠️ Potential Abuse (1)
The following security risks were found based on the above permissions:
📦 Workloads (2)
| Kind | Name | Container | Image |
|---|---|---|---|
| Job | kube-prometheus-stack-admission-create | create | registry.k8s.io/ingress-nginx/kube-webhook-certgen:v1.5.4 |
| Job | kube-prometheus-stack-admission-patch | patch | registry.k8s.io/ingress-nginx/kube-webhook-certgen:v1.5.4 |
🤖 kube-prometheus-stack-alertmanager
Namespace: default | Automount: ✅
🔑 Permissions (0)
No explicit RBAC bindings.
📦 Workloads (0)
No workloads use this ServiceAccount.
🤖 kube-prometheus-stack-grafana-test
Namespace: default | Automount: ❌
🔑 Permissions (0)
No explicit RBAC bindings.
📦 Workloads (1)
| Kind | Name | Container | Image |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pod | kube-prometheus-stack-grafana-test | kube-prometheus-stack-test | docker.io/bats/bats:v1.4.1 |
🤖 kube-prometheus-stack-prometheus-node-exporter
Namespace: default | Automount: ❌
🔑 Permissions (0)
No explicit RBAC bindings.
📦 Workloads (1)
| Kind | Name | Container | Image |
|---|---|---|---|
| DaemonSet | kube-prometheus-stack-prometheus-node-exporter | node-exporter | quay.io/prometheus/node-exporter:v1.9.1 |
🤖 kube-prometheus-stack-prometheus-windows-exporter
Namespace: default | Automount: ❌
🔑 Permissions (0)
No explicit RBAC bindings.
📦 Workloads (1)
| Kind | Name | Container | Image |
|---|---|---|---|
| DaemonSet | kube-prometheus-stack-prometheus-windows-exporter | windows-exporter | ghcr.io/prometheus-community/windows-exporter:0.30.7 |